ubuntu linux下建立stm32开发环境: GCC安装以及工程Makefile建立

东隅

本帖最后由东隅于 2014-1-16 21:31 编辑

买了一个STM32开发板,却不想在window下开发,也不想用那么占内存的IAR MDK等软件,所以决定在ubuntu下建立该开发环境,像之前avr linux一样,找了下资料,国内有人做过,但都没有很详尽的教程,所以花了三四天才完成.其实原理很简单,就是安装适用与STM32的GCC,以及建立该工程,主要是Makefile加上STM32的官方库.
个人原创,转载请注明原文出处:
    http://blog.csdn.net/embbnux/article/details/17616809
   参考:
         How-to manual  Installing a toolchain for Cortex-M3/STM32 on Ubuntu by Peter Seng
环境:
ubuntu 13.10
            stm32f103zet6
一  STM 32 GCC 安装
      stm32 属于arm cortex-m系列thumb指令集,所以给arm用的arm-none-eabi就可以了,首先是下载
      下载地址:
            https://launchpad.net/gcc-arm-embedded/+download
      下载其中的gcc-arm-none-eabi-version-linux.tar.bz2
      解压到你知道的目录会产生 gcc-arm-none-eabi的文件夹
      把该编译器添加到你的环境中:

sudo gedit  ~/.bashrc
   在最后一行添加:
export PATH=$PATH:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin
   因为我之前有添加过树莓派的编译器了,所以实际上是这样的: export PATH=$PATH:/your_pi_gcc_dir/tools-master/arm-bcm2708/arm-bcm2708hardfp-linux-gnueabi/bin/:/your_stm_gcc_dir/gcc-arm-none-eabi-4_8-2013q4/bin
      两个编译器环境中间用冒号隔开;
   注销后测试:

arm-none-eabi-gcc -v

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可以查看到该编译器的版本,就表示可以了.

二工程环境的建立

新建个工程文件夹,及其目录

mkdir stm_project
cd stm_project
mkdir libs
mkdir src
mkdir inc

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下载,安装官方库:
   stm32的寄存器不像51 avr等单片机,那么少,自己写写库,背背寄存器就可以了,所以ST公司提供了他们官方的库,为了避免重复造轮子,就直接采用他们的库,库版本为STM32_USB-FS-Device_Lib_V4.0.0,这个库多了usb支持,下载的话到st官网搜索stm32f10x就有了.
   下载链接:
         [url=]stsw-stm32121.zip[/url]

   解压,把解压好的文件夹复制到刚才新建的libs里面.
   在工程根目录下新建Makefile.common文件,这个为通用makefile
      .........代码过多,详见原文

# include Makefile
#This file is included in the general Makefile, the libs Makefile and the src Makefile
#Different optimize settings for library and source files can be realized by using arguments
#Compiler optimize settings:
# -O0 no optimize, reduce compilation time and make debugging produce the expected results (default).
# -O1 optimize, reduce code size and execution time, without much increase of compilation time.
# -O2 optimize, reduce code execution time compared to ‘O1’, increase of compilation time.
# -O3 optimize, turns on all optimizations, further increase of compilation time.
# -Os optimize for size, enables all ‘-O2’ optimizations that do not typically increase code size and other code size optimizations.
#Recommended optimize settings for release version: -O3
#Recommended optimize settings for debug version: -O0
#Valid parameters :
# OptLIB=0 --> optimize library files using the -O0 setting
# OptLIB=1 --> optimize library files using the -O1 setting
# OptLIB=2 --> optimize library files using the -O2 setting
# OptLIB=3 --> optimize library files using the -O3 setting
# OptLIB=s --> optimize library files using the -Os setting
# OptSRC=0 --> optimize source files using the -O0 setting
# OptSRC=1 --> optimize source files using the -O1 setting
# OptSRC=2 --> optimize source files using the -O2 setting
# OptSRC=3 --> optimize source files using the -O3 setting
# OptSRC=s --> optimize source files using the -Os setting
# all --> build all
# libs --> build libs only
# src --> build src only
# clean --> clean project
# tshow --> show optimize settings
#Example:
# make OptLIB=3 OptSRC=0 all tshow

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编译库文件: 进入libs文件夹,新建Makefile:

# libs Makefile
include ../Makefile.common
LIBS+=libstm32.a
CFLAGSlib+=-c
all: libs
libs: $(LIBS)
libstm32.a:
@echo -n "Building $@ ..."
@cd $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates && \
$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
system_stm32f10x.c
@cd $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src && \
$(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
-D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \
-I../../CMSIS/Include \
-I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \
-I../inc \
*.c
# @cd $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src && \
# $(CC) $(CFLAGSlib) \
# -D"assert_param(expr)=((void)0)" \
# -I../../CMSIS/Include \
# -I../../CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Include \
# -I../inc \
# *.c
@$(AR) cr $(LIBDIR)/$@ \
$(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o \
$(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o \
# $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o
@echo "done."
.PHONY: libs clean tshow
clean:
rm -f $(STMLIB)/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F10x/Source/Templates/system_stm32f10x.o
rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Driver/src/*.o
rm -f $(STMLIB)/STM32_USB-FS-Device_Driver/src/*.o
rm -f $(LIBS)
tshow:
@echo "######################################################################################################"
@echo "################# optimize settings: $(InfoTextLib), $(InfoTextSrc)"
@echo "######################################################################################################"

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编译该库:

make clean
make

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就会在lib目录下生成libstm32.a,这个就是编译好的静态库了.
   建立工程编译ld文件
   这个ld文件,为在编译时告诉编译器把代码放到什么地址,根据芯片的内存以及flash容量不同有所调整
    在工程根目录下新建linker.ld文件

   代码较长,请到我的资源里面下载,或者查看参考pdf里面的:
         http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778837

   这里说明需要修改的地方,根据芯片型号不同,选择相应的RAM FLASH大小

MEMORY {
/*Adust LENGTH to RAMsize of target MCU:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 20K*/
/*RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 20K*/
/*STM32F103RET --> 64K*/
/*STM32F103ZET --> 64K*/
RAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x20000000 , LENGTH = 64K
EXTSRAM (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x68000000 , LENGTH = 0
/*Adust LENGTH to (FLASHsize - FeePROMsize) of target MCU:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 126K*/
FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 126K
/*STM32F103RET --> 508K*/
/*FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K*/
/*STM32F103ZET --> 508K*/
FLASH (RX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000 , LENGTH = 508K
/*Adust ORIGIN to (0x08000000 + (FLASHsize-FeePROMsize)) of target MCU*/
/*and adust LENGTH to FeePROMsize allocated:*/
/*STM32F103RBT --> 0x08000000+126K, 2K*/
EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+126K, LENGTH = 2K
/*STM32F103RET --> 0x08000000+508K, 4K*/
/*EEMUL (RWX) : ORIGIN = 0x08000000+508K, LENGTH = 4K*/
}

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差不多就好了,在src里面添加测试源码,和makefile       主要是startup.c 以及main.c,这里就不在说明了,可以查看该pdf或者到我的资源下载
      http://download.csdn.net/detail/canyue102/6778885

   然后进入工程主目录,下make就好了.