【一网打尽】Raspberry Pi Course Week 4 – Day 2 (Basic Commands)

木林森X

The following is a basic that the terminal will pass to the operating system and perform the action.  Commands can also use flags in the form of – followed by a letter.  This extends the capability of the command.

Enter the following command.

$ ls

This will list any files in the current directory. These commands can be extended by using flags.  A flag is an additional option to the command which allows it to perform additional functions.  For example enter the following.

$ ls -F

/Desktop             /Downloads       /Music                  MyTextFile.txt                  MyProgram.py

The forward slash at the beginning of the file indicates that this is a folder. Desktop, Downloads & Music are all folders but MyTextFile.txt and MyProgram.py are files.

Enter the following command.

$ ls -l

This flag will list the files in a longer format which include the permissions for the files, who owns the file and the date that it was created.  Permissions are indicated by the

drwxr-xr-x

Permission will be explained later along with file ownership.  You can also combine flags to give you additional results.  Enter the following.

$ ls -lF

This will list the files in long format and will also display the forward slash / to indicate folders.

You can use the following flags to display more information.

-d        list the name of the current directory

-F        show directories with a trailing ‘/’

  -a        List the hidden files.

-g        show group ownership of file in long listing

-l        Displays details in a long format about files and directories.

-t        Sort by time modified.

-R        Displays all subdirectories.

-i        print the inode number of each file

To expand on what you have already learned enter the following command.

$ clear

This command will clear the terminal window and the date command will display the current date.  Enter the command.

$ date

Enter the following command to display some information about the system.

$ uname -a

Another great little feature of the terminal is its history.  By pressing the up arrow key, it will allow you to browse the commands that you have previously entered.