芯耀
291
说到Tx Diversity（发射分集），我们一般会想到大功率等级的终端，例如PC1.5的CPE、FWA。PC1.5的功率为29dBm，单独一路PA（功率放大器）一般不好实现，所以可通过两个或四个PA最终相加获得。
01、Tx Diversity的作用和功率要求
如果一个终端支持Tx Diversity，那么它一定是至少有两个PA，或2Tx。但在UL MIMO以及EN-DC的情况下，也会有2Tx，他们的区别是什么呢？
UL MIMO是基于两层的码本，要形成空间的复用，所以它需要两个layer，和两个天线端口。处理的是两个独立的数据流，目的是为了提升峰值速率与容量；
EN-DC则是一个Tx在E-UTRA，另一个Tx在NR。处理两个独立的数据流（分属LTE和NR），目的是为了聚合不同制式网络，提升下行速率；
Tx Diversity并不单纯的对应两路发射，它可以是一个天线端口，而这个天线端口由两路PA合成。处理的是一个数据流的两个副本，目的是为了在小区边缘或信号质量差的区域增强覆盖与连接可靠性。
在TxD的发射功率测试要求中，UE功率等级所规定的最大输出功率定义为所有UE发射天线连接器输出功率的总和。测量周期应至少为一个子帧（1 ms）。以下分别定义了PC2、PC1.5和PC3的要求。对于PC1.5而言，即使UE未标示具备发射分集TxD的能力，PC1.5也隐含是支持发射分集的。
Table 6.2G.1.5-1: Maximum Output Power test requirement for Power Class 2
| NR band | Class 2 (dBm) | Tolerance (dB) |
| n1 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n3 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n34 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n39 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n40 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n41 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n77 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n78 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n79 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n98 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n104 | 26 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
Table 6.2G.1.5-2: Maximum Output Power test requirement for Power Class 1.5
| NR band | Class 1.5 (dBm) | Tolerance (dB) |
| n34 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n39 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n40 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n41 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n77 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n78 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n79 | 295 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| NOTE 5:? ?通过2Tx获得。 |
Table 6.2G.1.5-4: Maximum Output Power test requirement for Power Class 3
| NR band | Class 3 (dBm) | Tolerance (dB) |
| n1 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n2 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n3 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n5 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n7 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n8 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n12 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n13 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n14 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n20 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n24 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n25 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n26 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n28 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n30 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n34 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n38 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n39 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n40 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n41 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n48 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n50 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n51 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n53 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n54 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n65 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n66 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n70 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n71 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n74 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n77 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n78 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n79 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| … | ||
| n85 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n98 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n104 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n105 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
| n109 | 23 | +2+TT/-3-TT |
Table 6.2G.1.5-3:?Test Tolerance?(UE maximum output power)
| f ≤ 3.0GHz | 3.0GHz < f ≤ 4.2GHz | 4.2GHz < f ≤ 6.0GHz | |
| BW ≤ 40MHz | 0.7 dB | 1.0 dB | 1.0 dB |
| 40MHz < BW ≤ 100MHz | 1.0 dB | 1.0 dB | 1.0 dB |
02、Tx Diversity的参考灵敏度要求
对于支持发射分集的用户设备，首先应按照测试TxD最大发射功率，也就是第6.2G.1.1节所述的TxD配置要求，例如：PC1.5 FWA UE配置要求为：
参考灵敏度的最小要求应满足与单载波相同的支持TxD的表格要求，即表7.3.2.3-1a、7.3.2.3-1b、7.3.2.3-1d、7.3.2.3-2及表7.3.2.3-2a中规定的各项最低要求。
支持TxD设备的PUMAX数值应等于所有用户设备天线连接器输出功率的总和。具体定义的测试要求如下：
1. 适用于TDD、SDL及可变双工操作FDD频段的PC3、PC2、PC1.5功率等级的双天线Rx端口QPSK调制参考灵敏度
Table 7.3G.1.5-1:?Two antenna port reference sensitivity QPSK PREFSENS?for TDD, SDL and FDD with variable duplex operation bands for PC3, PC2, PC1.5
| Operating band / SCS / Channel bandwidth / REFSENS | ||||
| Operating band | SCS
(kHz) |
Channel bandwidth (MHz) | REFSENS (dBm) | Duplex Mode |
| n34 | 15 | 5, 10, 15 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)+TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n39 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)+TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n40 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90, 100 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)+TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90, 100 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n41 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 | -94.8 + 10log10(NRB/52)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)+TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n77 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.3 + 10log10(NRB/52)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.6 + 10log10(NRB/24)+TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.0 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n78 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.8 + 10log10(NRB/52) +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.1 + 10log10(NRB/24) +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)+TT | ||
| n79 | 15 | 10, 20, 40, 50 | -95.8 + 10log10(NRB/52)+TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 | -96.1 + 10log10(NRB/24) +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 | -96.5 + 10log10(NRB/11) +TT |
2. 适用于TDD、SDL及可变双工操作FDD频段的PC3、PC2、PC1.5功率等级的四Rx天线端口QPSK调制参考灵敏度
Table 7.3G.1.5-2:?Four?antenna port?Reference sensitivity QPSK PREFSENS?for?TDD, SDL and FDD with variable duplex operation bands for PC3, PC2, PC1.5
| Operating band / SCS / Channel bandwidth / REFSENS | ||||
| Operating band | SCS
(kHz) |
Channel bandwidth (MHz) | REFSENS (dBm) | Duplex Mode |
| n34 | 15 | 5, 10, 15 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25)-2.7 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)+-2.7?TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.7 +TT | ||
| n39 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25)-2.7 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.7 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.7 +TT | ||
| n40 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50 | -100 + 10log10(NRB/25) -2.7 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90, 100 | -97.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.7 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 90, 100 | -97.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.7 +TT | ||
| n41 | 15 | 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50 | -94.8 + 10log10(NRB/52)-2.7 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.7 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.7 +TT | ||
| n77 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.3 + 10log10(NRB/52)-2.2 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.6 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.2 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.0 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.2 +TT | ||
| n78 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.8 + 10log10(NRB/52)-2.2 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.2 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.2 +TT | ||
| n79 | 15 | 10, 20, 40, 50 | -95.8 + 10log10(NRB/52)-2.2 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 | -96.1 + 10log10(NRB/24)-2.2 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 20, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100 | -96.5 + 10log10(NRB/11)-2.2 +TT |
3. TDD频段的八Rx天线端口QPSK调制参考灵敏度
Table 7.3G.1.5-3:?Eight?antenna port?Reference sensitivity QPSK PREFSENS?TDD bands
| Operating band / SCS / Channel bandwidth / REFSENS | ||||
| Operating band | SCS
(kHz) |
Channel bandwidth (MHz) | REFSENS (dBm) | Duplex Mode |
| n77 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.3 + 10log10(NRB/52) -4.0 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -95.6 + 10log10(NRB/24) - 4.0 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.0 + 10log10(NRB/11) - 4.0 +TT | ||
| n78 | 15 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50 | -95.8 + 10log10(NRB/52) - 4.0 +TT | TDD |
| 30 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.1 + 10log10(NRB/24) - 4.0 +TT | ||
| 60 | 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, ? 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100 | -96.5 + 10log10(NRB/11) - 4.0 +TT |
Table 7.3G.1.5-4:?Test Tolerance?(TT)?for RX sensitivity level
| f ≤ 3.0GHz | 3.0GHz < f ≤ 6.0 GHz |
| 0.7 dB | 1.0 dB |
以n78频段30k子载波间隔为例，从2Rx到4Rx 到8Rx，单端口参考灵敏度分别加严2.2和4dB。与单载波情况相同，可参考：一起来学5G终端射频标准（接收机灵敏度的测试端口）：
2Rx：-96.1?+?10log10(NRB/24)+TT4Rx：-96.1?+?10log10(NRB/24)-2.2+TT8Rx：-96.1?+?10log10(NRB/24)-4.0+TT
